Mid Term Exam

Running head :MID TERM EXAMMid Term Exam[The forge of the writer appears here][The name of the institution appears here] Q1Investigative processes argon carried out to mind information pertinent to a certain or phenomena . repayable to the limitation of time , speak to and otherwisewise resources one toilet never be absolutely certain about the results all the same if the best investigative procedure is employed . Also , entirely the investigative processes atomic way out 18 prone to some(prenominal) types of errors and biases which make the conclusions slight reliableQ2The terms objective lensivity and characterivity in their new-fashioned customs generally relate to a perceiving undefended (normally a individual ) and a savvyd or uncoverd object . The object is something that presumably exists independe nt of the subject s perception of it . In other words the object would be there as it is , field of operations if no subject perceived it . thus , objectivity is typically associated with ideas such as reality , truth and reliability (The net profit Encyclopedia of Philosophy . The perceiving subject can either perceive accurately or seem to perceive features of the object that ar not in the object . For example , a perceiving subject suffering from jaundice could seem to perceive an object as yellow when the object is not actually yellow then , the term subjective typically indicates the possibility of error (The meshwork Encyclopedia of PhilosophyMany non-scientists atomic number 18 awed by the king and probable certainty of scientific knowledge . So are burn up students of information (Sheldrake 1994 Textbooks are full of apparently hard facts and decimal data Science seems supremely objective . Moreover , a belief in the objectivity of recognition is a su ffice of faith for many modern people . It i! s fundamental to the world-view of materialists , rationalists , position humanists and all others who uphold the superiority of science over revere , traditional wisdom and the artsHowever , popular doubts about the objectivity of scientists are widely shared , for more sophisticated reasons , by philosophers , historians and sociologists of science (Sheldrake 1994 .

Scientists are part of larger social , economic and semipolitical systems they constitute professional groups with their own initiation procedures , peer pressures , exponent structures and systems of rewards . They generally work in the context of established paradigms o r models of reality . And even within the limits set by the prevailing scientific belief system , they do not tone-beginning after pure facts for their own sake : they make guesses or hypotheses about the way things are , and then test them by experiment . Usually these experiments are motivated by a desire to support a favorite hypothesis or to refute a rival one . What people do research on , and even what they find , is influenced by their cognizant and unconscious expectations . In addition , feminist critics detect a strong and often unconscious male bias in the theory and practice of science (Sheldrake 1994Q3Source : RESEARCH METHODSAdvantages and Disadvantages of Cross-Sectional DesignsAdvantages Disadvantagesdata on many variables change magnitude chances of errordata from a large number of subjects increased cost with more subjectsdata from dispersed subjects increased cost with individually location...If you want to get a full essay, commit it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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